Aprendizagem significativa no ensino de geografia: aula prática como facilitadora de aprendizagem

Abstract

This research presents a study based on meaningful learning, where such a theoretical basis considers students' previous knowledge as fundamental. Based on this principle, the student will appropriate the new knowledge presented by the teacher, being able to relate it to his life, giving a new meaning to knowledge. The new information needs to be potentially meaningful for learning to be effective. Making learning meaningful is not a very easy task, as there are essential factors for this to be achieved, such as the student must be willing to learn in a meaningful way. Therefore, the objective of this study was to analyze whether the practical class contributes to significant learning in the teaching of Geography. The study presents an approach with a mixed focus (qualitative and quantitative), with bibliographic and documentary procedures. The bibliographic survey covered concepts such as meaningful learning, theory and practice, active methodologies, and the practice of teaching work. Questionnaires were used as a data collection instrument. In the realization of this research, a practical class on soil formation and profile was carried out, where the research participants were made up of 18 students of the 1st year of the Agriculture course of the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Amapá (IFAP) Porto Grande Campus and by the professor of Professional and Technological Education who teaches the curricular component Geography. As a result, the students and teachers learned the importance of theory and the need for practical classes for a better understanding and meaning of the study, and the lack of methodology comes up against the lack of institutional support. We call attention to working with teaching proposals that prioritize not only academic training, but also human training, considering their previous knowledge. At the end, the Educational Product Theoretical-Practical Guide for the study of soils is presented, containing scripts of practical classes of soils to be worked on in the study of Geography, a tool that will serve as an instrument for carrying out practical classes, and can serve as a model or adapted in other themes; the aim is to present with NP the possibility of using an Active Methodology that corroborates with meaningful learning.