Estudo de viabilidade técnica da instalação de biodigestores em residências unifamiliares na cidade de Macapá: uma solução sustentável na Amazônia

Abstract

The lack of basic sanitation infrastructure in the outlying areas of the Amazon, particularly in Macapá, requires the adoption of decentralized and sustainable alternatives. In this scenario, biodigesters emerge as a promising social technology for the treatment of organic waste and the generation of renewable energy. The objective of this study was to analyze the technical feasibility of installing biodigesters in single-family homes in Macapá, considering operational, economic, environmental, and regulatory factors. The research used a qualitative approach, based on a systematic literature review and documentary analysis of recent institutional data (2021–2025). The findings indicate that the technology is feasible and low-cost when built with reused materials. In addition to treating effluents, it contributes to the mitigation of water pollution, the reduction of methane emissions, and the strengthening of the bioeconomy. In conclusion, biodigesters represent a strategic alternative to conventional sanitation, and their inclusion in public policies aligned with SDGs 6, 7, and 12 is recommended.