O uso de equações diferenciais ordinárias na modelagem matemática de fenômenos físicos

Abstract

In this work, based on bibliographic research carried out in the main differential calculus books used in undergraduate courses and in journals related to the topic, we approach the use of first and second order ordinary differential equations in the mathematical modeling of physical phenomena. We present the theoretical framework that guides the study of differential equations, in order to build a solid foundation for understanding the applications. We show that this study is based on attacking a real problem, in order to display mathematical models that can explain and show the relationship between the variables involved in the modeling process. We show different applications in order to show how important ordinary differential equations are in physical studies. We highlight mathematical knowledge and its relevance to the progress of science, especially physics, chemistry and biology. Thus, the mathematical modeling constructed through differential equations reveals the abstract and, as a result, helps in the significant learning of undergraduate students.