O uso de metodologias ativas como ferramentas para o estudo das funções seno e cosseno

Abstract

This work aims to propose approaches that facilitate the understanding of trigonometric functions by students, making their knowledge applicable to everyday life. Teaching trigonometry is often challenging for both students and teachers, often based on memorizing information without clear practical utility. The proposal seeks to overcome this approach, avoiding forced memorization and highlighting the practical application of trigonometric functions. To achieve this goal, active methodologies such as the Fedathi sequence and GeoGebra and Scratch software are used to improve visual understanding of functions. The focus is on improving the teaching of mathematics, seeking to arouse the interest and autonomy of students, aligning with the educational guidelines of Amapá and Brazil. The work covers the definitions of trigonometric functions, right triangle and trigonometric circle, highlighting how from these concepts it is possible to construct the sine and cosine functions. In addition, questionnaires were applied with open questions and proposed a didactic sequence using active methodologies. During this process, it becomes evident the need for changes in the predominant teaching method in schools, the conventional method, by dynamic and interactive classes, where students develop logical-deductive thinking without relying excessively on memorized formulas. The proposed approach seeks to reframe the content for students, making the teaching of trigonometry more interesting. Although there is a vast literature on the subject, in the references used in the project, we verified the lack of detailed descriptions and practical interpretations for contextualized teaching. The work was developed in stages, including the creation of learning situations and the use of didactic and technological resources.