Utilização da plataform arduino no ensino de física: uma proposta de protótipo para o estudo de queda livre

Abstract

The objective of this work is to present a low-cost experimental prototype for the study of free fall, using the Arduino platform as a didactic prototype in physics education. The experiment was structured based on the integration of (Light Dependent Resistor), LDR-type light sensors, laser modules, an Arduino Uno board, and a data collection and processing system programmed in an integrated development environment (IDE). The methodology adopted involved the construction of a low- cost prototype, the modeling of parts in Tinkercad software, and the measurement of the fall time of a body from different heights, with subsequent statistical treatment of the data obtained. The experimental results showed a trend compatible with the theoretical model of free fall, observing the functional relationship between the distance traveled and the square of the time, as well as average values of gravitational acceleration close to the reference values, especially for greater distances between the sensors. The analysis of the results indicated that, despite instrumental limitations and the effects of electronic delays and random errors, the prototype showed satisfactory performance for educational purposes. It is concluded that the experimental proposal proves to be viable as a pedagogical tool, contributing to the contextualization of free fall concepts, to the discussion of measurement uncertainties, and to the refinement of the articulation between theory and practice in Physics teaching, especially in school contexts with limited resources.