Análise georreferenciada na identificação de áreas degradadas no assentamento Maria de Nazaré Mineiro em Laranjal do Jari

Abstract

The georeferencing work in the analysis of degraded areas in the Maria de Nazaré Mineiro settlement aims to map and assess environmental degradation, identifying and classifying the types of degradation present in order to support environmental recovery actions and public policies directed at the settlement. The study seeks to provide accurate data on soil conditions, vegetation, river siltation, and the environmental impacts resulting from inadequate land use in the region. Automated technologies were employed for analysis and monitoring, using software such as Google Earth and ArcGIS. Data collection involved field surveys, thematic maps, and a quali-quantitative approach that integrated primary data with geospatial analyses. The research applied the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), which quantified 7.77% of exposed soil, mainly in anthropized areas. The settlement shows a predominance of dense vegetation (53.98%), followed by moderate vegetation (23.16%) and low NDVI areas (15.08%), associated with exposed soil or sparse vegetation. The main environmental damages identified were soil siltation, areas without vegetation cover, and suppression of native vegetation. Thus, the degradation process has been increasing in the settlement, highlighting the urgency of public policies for the recovery of these areas.