Um faz parte do outro: um estudo dos arquétipos anima e animus das personagens e seus daemons na trilogia Fronteiras do Universo, de Philip Pullman

Abstract

The aim of this work was to carry out a psychosocial analysis of the main characters and their daemons in Philip Pullman's trilogy His Dark Materials, taking into account the Jungian theory of female and male archetypes, anima and animus, as well as the other archetypes of the collective unconscious. Our hypothesis is that the Jungian theories of feminine and masculine archetypes and the collective and individual conscious influence the elaboration of the figure of the daemons in Pullman's work. In order to verify the hypothesis, we set ourselves the specific objectives of investigating Philip Pullman's literary framework, exploring references and inspirations for the construction of the characters, and also debating the trajectory of the characters from Vogler's (2006) archetypes and from the perspective of the heroine's journey. The work was based on a qualitative research strategy, of an exploratory nature, through a bibliographical survey. The research focused on the characters Lyra Belacqua, Mrs. Coulter, Lord Asriel and their daemons and how the Jungian archetypes are represented. To this end, the theme of the anima and animus archetypes was developed based on a theoretical study of the following authors: Carl Gustav Jung (2008; 2000; 2008; 1980; 1978; 2000) and Emma Jung (1967; 1980); With regard to the analysis of the characters, we based ourselves on the theoretical contribution of: Joseph Campbell (1997); Maureen Murdock (1990); M. Martinez (2022); Christopher Vogler (2006). At the end of the analysis, it was found that Pullman uses the concept of Jungian masculine and feminine archetypes to give corporeality to the figures of the daemons. It was possible to point out similar aspects in the trajectory of the main characters that corroborate the heroine's journey postulated by Murdock (1990); in addition, there are psychological characteristics of these characters that are similar to the archetypes pointed out by Vogler (2006).