Influência das boas práticas de fabricação no desperdício de frutas e hortaliças em feiras livres da zona norte de Macapá-AP

Abstract

After harvest fruits and vegetables remain alive, keeping vital biological processes active, so they still have a high water content in their chemical composition, making them highly perishable foods. So there is a high waste value throughout its production chain such as harvesting, transportation, storage and marketing. Thus, knowledge and the use of appropriate good practices in the handling of these foods during the pre- and post-harvest phases until consumption are essential to increase the shelf life and reduce post-harvest losses. The free markets, due to the flexibility of offering a wide range of affordable products, attract a large number of consumers, despite serious problems such as poor hygiene and poor structure. Therefore, the present work aims to verify the influence of good handling practices on fruit and vegetable waste in free markets in the northern area of Macapá-AP. Through the application of the checklist established by Anvisa's Resolution RDC Nº 275/2002, a questionnaire containing 11 questions applied in 4 fairs. According to RDC Nº 275/2002 the fairs were classified in group 3 where it serves from 0 to 50% of items served. where three are classified in the lousy group because they do not meet 19% of compliance, such as the Novo Horizonte fair with 8.33%, the producer fair with 10.34% and the fish fair with 14.03%. Already the Farmer fair fit into the bad group presenting 20.89% compliance. According to the marketers, the most wasted fruits and vegetables respectively are the first tomato with 50% banana and lettuce with equal values of 5.3%. These wastes are linked to the poor structure of the fairs and the lack of proper handling. 5% of marketers are not aware of good handling practices. Waste of fruit and vegetables in the free markets of northern Macapá are directly linked to the inadequate structure of the fairs and the lack of knowledge of the fairgrounders, considering that it is necessary to re-educate the fairgrounders through action plans, teaching the Good practices of manipulation. It is also important that the Macapá government and local government bring improvements to the site based on legislation.