Quebra de dormência em pirênios de murici (Byrsonima crassifólia Rich) submetidos à diferentes tempos de embebição.

Abstract

Byrsonima crassifolia Rich., commonly known as muricizeiro, belongs to the Malpighiaceae family and is native to the Amazon region with greater occurrence in the North, Northeast and Central-West regions of Brazil. Its fruits stand out for their diverse medicinal and culinary properties. Propagation of the species occurs mainly through seeds, however, seeds of the genus Byrsonima present problems such as low germination rate and slow emergence of seedlings, due to dormancy. This limits the production of seedlings and the propagation of the species. Thus, new studies focused on overcoming seed dormancy are necessary. Therefore, the objective was to evaluate methods for breaking dormancy of murici seeds, using different soaking times in gibberellic acid and distilled water. Ripe fruits were collected from the soil after undergoing natural abscission. Then, pyrenes were extracted (from the fruit Pulp), washed in running water and dried in open air. Subsequently, pyrenes were subjected to the following tests: emergence speed index, emergence, dry mass and length of the seedlings. The experimental design used was completely randomized Design (CRD) in a 4 x 2 factorial scheme (4 imbibition periods x 2 treatments, distilled water and gibberellic acid) with four replications. Data obtained were subjected to regression analysis. The treatment with distilled water for 72 hours demonstrated a higher emergence speed index and a higher emergence rate, shown to be more effective for the emergence of murici seeds. The treatments 24h distilled water and 48h gibberellic acid presented better seedling development while the use of gibberellic acid also demonstrated positive effects, however its use should be considered depending on the needs of each production system. Based on the results, it is concluded that imbibition in water for 72h of murici seeds can favor emergence of the species.